Microbiology
A fungus. Rhinocladiella aquaspersa, Rhinocladiella similis, Rhinocladiella mackenziei. R. atrovirens, R. basitona.
Epidemiologic Risks
Found in tropical soil, inoculated into the feet of them what can't afford shoes.
Rhinocladiella mackenziei in the mid-East.
Syndromes
Rhinocladiella aquaspersa, Rhinocladiella similis: Chromomycosis.
Rhinocladiella mackenziei brain abscess/phaeohyphomycos in poor hosts.
Treatment
Rhinocladiella mackenziei: I&D if possible. NOT amphotericin, perhaps azoles posaconazole or isavuconazole (PubMed). Evidently it is "nearly 100% (fatal) with no instances of documented survival of patients (PubMed)."
Rhinocladiella aquaspersa, Rhinocladiella similis: posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole (PubMed).
Notes
Rhinocladiella mackenziei is a biohazard for the lab.
Last Update: 04/05/18.